Wisdom as the Sublime Measure: A New Epistemology of Hikma – By Mukhtar H Ali

This paper advances a new epistemology of ḥikma (wisdom) by reexamining its function as a foundational mode of knowing in the Islamic tradition. Drawing upon Qurʾānic usage, Prophetic sayings, classical philosophical definitions, and Sufi insights, the study argues that ḥikma is not merely eloquent or ethical speech, but a self-evident and sublime truth that transcends syllogistic reasoning and formal logic. As a self-authenticating criterion, ḥikma operates as a touchstone for discerning the truth of propositions across disciplines—ethics, law, theology, and metaphysics. It is shown to be the end of discursive knowledge, the beginning of inner realization, and the principle that reconciles reason and revelation. In proposing a metaphysical and existential framework of ḥikma, this study positions wisdom as both the spirit of the law and the luminous measure by which all knowledge is ultimately validated.

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