It begins as a sombre night-time piece but ends in light: César Franck's Symphony in D minor. The orchestra Les Siècles performs under the direction of François-Xavier Roth. The concert took place in 2022 in the Dvořák Hall of the Rudolfinum in Prague.
(00:00) Applause
(00:30) I. Lento – Allegro non troppo
(16:30) II. Allegretto
(26:41) III. Allegro non troppo
César Franck (1822 - 1890) composed two symphonies: the first, the Prèmiere Grande Symphony in G major, is an early work from 1836; the second, the Symphony in D minor (orig.: Symphonie en ré mineur), belongs to Franck's late period. The Symphony in D minor (FWV 48) was composed between 1886 and 1888 and premiered on February 17, 1889. Franck dedicated it to his pupil Henri Duparc (1848 - 1933), who ended his musical career in 1885 as a result of a nervous disorder.
Franck's Symphony in D minor displays a distinct character. In terms of its sound and its frequent use of chromatic harmony, it is reminiscent of Richard Wagner's (1813 - 1883) music drama Tristan und Isolde (1865). Formally, Franck's symphony is far removed from its classical predecessors. Its form is defined by its cyclical structure, a compositional scheme frequently used in the Romantic period. Within this scheme, individual movements are generally linked by motifs and themes, lending multi-movement works a more unified feel.
In his Symphony in D minor, Franck pushes the cyclical formal scheme to its limits. The three-movement symphony is based on a characteristic core motif that is heard right at the beginning. In the course of the symphony, this motif is varied in practically every musical respect: in instrumentation, timbre, dynamics, tempo, rhythm, keys, intervals and tone sequences. As a result, the entire symphonic work becomes a fabric with a wealth of interconnections. The famous term “relational magic”, which the writer Thomas Mann used to characterize Richard Wagner's music, can certainly be applied to Franck's Symphony in D minor too.
What is particularly exciting is how the French composer uses his sophisticated compositional technique to create an alternation of moods based on a minimal initial motif. The main motif in the low strings at the beginning of the symphony creates a dark and threatening atmosphere. As the orchestral work progresses, however, the mood becomes friendlier, and a radiant fanfare ultimately emerges at the very end of the late-Romantic symphony - and the oppressive beginning is forgotten.
Les Siècles is a French orchestra renowned for its diverse repertoire and historically informed performances. What sets the ensemble apart is its dedication to playing each work on period-appropriate instruments, faithfully capturing the sound and spirit of its time. Beyond the concert hall, Les Siècles is deeply committed to music education and outreach, regularly performing in schools, hospitals, and prisons to bring music to a wider audience.
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